Torque wrenches are precision instruments, used to ensure that nuts and bolts are properly tightened in automotive engines, aviation and industrial applications. They provide a means of measuring the amount of force applied to the fastener, in order to tighten it. Without this measurement, there is no sure way of verifying that these fasteners have been properly tightened. If you’ve ever tightened up something just finger tight on your car engine and then forgotten about it; you probably have experienced the bolt or nut loosen up fairly quickly when the car was started. Since there is no opposing force to cause the nut or bolt to remain tightened, it is easy for it to become loose. However, a properly tightened bolt or nut won’t come loose, even after many hours of operation. The way that nuts and bolts work is that when tightened they put pressure, called “clamping force,” on the items they are holding together. As those items are more massive than the hardware holding them together, they push back, actually stretching the bolt microscopically. It is this stretching which prevents the bolt from coming loose. The stretching is like stretching a spring, allowing the bolt head and the nut to maintain pressure on the sides of whatever they are holding. There is a strong element of friction involved in fastener holding power. The friction between the head of the bolt or the side of the nut and the object they are holding, prevent the bolt head or nut from turning. As long as there is enough clamping force to maintain that friction, they won’t budge. While tightening fasteners to the proper torque is the way that we ensure that there is enough clamping force, this clamping force can change due to the type of finish on the fasteners and whether or not the fasteners have been previously used. The threads of a nut and bolt pair which has been tightened and loosened a number of times (without rusting) become somewhat polished by the pressure. This will increase the amount of clamping force applied each time, if tightened to the same torque. Nevertheless, the torque values which are used for nuts and bolts take into account the type of material used in the fastener, the hardness of that material and any surface coating. Engineers use pre-calculated tables, which take all of those factors into account, when specifying the proper torque to be used. Most torque wrenches today are “click type” wrenches, meaning that they make an audible click when the fastener is tightened to a pre-determined torque. The torque desired can be set electronically, with a mechanical digital readout or with a vernier, depending upon the design of the torque wrench. Generally speaking, the electronic ones are considered the best, as they are the easiest to set and work with. Vernier calipers require knowing how to work with a vernier. Torque wrenches which have a dial or needle and gauge aren’t really torque wrenches, but rather torque meters. While it is possible to use them to tighten a fastener to the right torque value, it is extremely hard to do so accurately. Torque is measured in foot-pounds or inch-pounds. Conversion from foot-pounds to inch-pounds is simple; all you have to do is multiply the foot-pounds by 12. One foot pound is one pound of pressure applied over a lever, where the force is applied one foot form the fulcrum or rotational point. So, if you have two torque wrenches, one that is one foot long and the other that is two feet long, and apply the same amount of pressure, the actual torque would be different. That one pound of force would become two ft-lbs of torque with the two foot long torque wrench. When selecting a torque wrench, it is important to verify that he tool will cover the entire torque range that you will be setting. A torque wrench that has a maximum torque value of 120 ft-lbs. won’t do you a bit of good, if you have to torque a nut to 150 ft-lbs. Having all torque ranges you need may require having more than one torque wrench, although it is possible to get one torque wrench which will cover all needed torque values for working on a car engine. Check out our list of the best torque wrenches in 2022.

Every workshop needs a workbench... or two or three. While some people like to build their own, it’s a lot faster and easier to buy a kit or one that’s ready to go. This also ensures that you’ll have a workbench that’s going to hold up under heavy-duty use, as sometimes DIY projects don’t go as planned.The workbench is the center of the workshop, providing a place to work on projects, set your parts when you’re not working with them, store tools, and whatever else needs to be done. Without a workbench, you’re stuck with trying to find somewhere else to work, and often that somewhere is someplace that’s going to upset your partner!Picking a workbench can be tricky, especially for those of us engaged in a variety of different projects. Check out our list of the best workbenches in 2022 and the buyer's guide below for some things to look for in your ideal workbench before making a selection.

If a guy’s only going to have one shop tool in his workshop, it’s going to be a table saw. While other stationary power tools are useful, a table saw is all but indispensible. Oh, you can do many of the cuts that people use a table saw for with a circular saw, but you can’t do them with anywhere near the accuracy; especially if you’re trying to get a straight cut. The table saw is a very versatile tool. Although designed predominantly for ripping wood, it can also be used for crosscutting and miter cuts. All of them come with both a fence for ripping and a miter gauge for crosscutting and miter cuts. Some people pooh-pooh the table saw’s ability to do accurate crosscutting, but I’d beg to differ with them. I won’t argue that it’s easier to do accurate crosscuts with a miter saw or radial arm saw, but I’ve done miter cuts accurately enough on a table saw, to be able to make picture frames with expensive moldings. That requires a level of accuracy that’s hard to meet with any tool. If you do a lot of miter cutting on your table saw, you may want to consider investing in a quality aftermarket miter gauge. Even the best of table saws have rather simple miter gauges. However, there are some excellent after-market models around, most of which are much larger and much more accurate than the typical manufacturer's miter gauge. Like many tools, table saws have evolved through the years. Today’s saws have many improvements over the saw that my daddy taught me on. They also tend to be more accurate, which is extremely important if you are doing any sort of cabinet work. Before looking for a table saw, you really have to decide what you want to use it for. If you don’t need that large rip capacity, then there’s really no reason to pay for it. On the other hand, buying a small saw, which doesn’t have the capacity you need, will leave you frustrated, and probably set you up for buying a larger saw later. Take a look and check out our list of the best table saws in 2022 and the buyer's guide on table saws below, before looking at the lists of reviews we have prepared for you. This will give you a much better idea of the various saws out there and what you should be looking for in them.

Purchasing a ladder can be a bit of a daunting task. On one hand, you want a ladder that you know will be strong enough to hold you up no matter what job you’re working on. On the other hand, you don’t want to pay a lot without sacrificing quality. The decision, ultimately, comes down to what you wish to use the ladder for. Will you be using it for general-purpose jobs around the home? Will you be using it in your garage? Will you be using it to gain access to your attic? The types of jobs you do, factor into what type of ladder you purchase. We have different lists available for a variety of best ladders in 2022 depending on what type you need. Rest assured that every ladder on the following list is the best of the best in each category.

More than anything, reciprocating saws are demolition tools. There’s no finesse, no fine line of accuracy, and most of all, no “finish cuts” with a reciprocating saw. When you need to take something down quickly, a reciprocating saw will do it faster than anything else, except maybe a chain saw. These saws are often referred to by their nickname, “Sawzall.” This is the name that Milwaukee Tools gave their first reciprocating saw, and it seems to have stuck pretty well. While Milwaukee is still the champ of the Sawzall, there are plenty of other contenders to look at. Because these are specialty saws, most do-it-yourselfers have a hard time justifying their purchase. In that case, you might want to consider looking at the best reciprocating saws in 2022 that we have listed. While these are not as heavy-duty as the professional models, for the homeowner who occasionally needs to take something apart or cut up a fallen tree limb, they’re plenty. We’ve also included a helpful buyer’s guide below to take some of the guesswork out of your search.

An eye brightener may sound like it could do the same job as your concealer, but those who suffer from dark under eye circles and redness know that even the best concealers can fall short of our expectations. Most concealers are matte and thick while eye brighteners work to catch the light, and use reflective particles to create a bright illuminated look. You can use this all over the entire eye to prep the canvas before applying shadow and line design. You can also layer these under concealers and foundations of any form to really take your look to a whole new incredible level so one will ever know you pulled an all-nighter at work in the hospital, hitting the books, or awake all night with a newborn.All of these best eye brighteners in 2022 have been chosen because they will transform the look of tired, red, stressed out and red eyes thanks to their light-weight consistency and therefore easy to blend. They've also been formulated with quality ingredients which are safe and gentle enough to be used around the eye which has the most delicate portions of skin on your body. Finally, all of the products will go above and beyond the call of duty because while they obviously brighten, these picks will also contain moisturizing ingredients  which sooth and heal your sore, tired eyes.

If you suffer from razor burn, hate shaving since it feels completely inconvenient, or consider think waxing is just too messy and painful, then you're the perfect candidate for an at-home hair removal system. These products use light to break down and remove hair by weakening strands at the root so they fall out completely and never grow back again. Before you get too excited, make sure you understand that some products are going to be more intense than others. Be sure to use the product on the body parts the manufacturer recommends to prevent damage to specific skin areas. For example, if the product doesn't specify it's for delicate face skin then obviously don't use it on the face; additionally, be sure to pay close attention to each devices skin tone requirements as well. These home laser  hair removal tools were chosen for their safety factor since they're designed to avoid damaging or burning the skin. They were also chosen because they will deliver salon quality results as they're all equipped with the latest and most effective light pulse technology. Time and patience is required on your part to get the most out these tools but the great news is all of these best home laser hair removals in 2022 are completely pain-free and all have adjustable settings for specific types of hair removal.

If you're tired of looking pale or simply want to hide some minor flaws, a bronzing spray may come in handy. Bronzing sprays are safe and inexpensive alternatives to tanning beds, and using these handy sprays is much smarter than potentially harmful sun tanning. Since tanning sprays are sometimes associated with horrid streaks and orange blotches, we’ve selected some of the best bronzing sprays which you can apply in confidence. The following best bronzing sprays in 2022 give your skin a natural-looking golden glow, consistent, provide even consistent coverage without streaking or blotching, as well each selection utilizing simple application methods with minimal mess.

Every single person on the planet, including men, has skin. In the last year or so, there has been an explosion within the skin care industry. Corporate executives have discovered that Men's skin care is an undiscovered market. News Flash: Men do not want to wear their girlfriend's Lilly-of-The-Valley perfumed hand lotion! They do not want to be seen with anything feminine or girly. They want a product that is formulated for their specific needs. The following hand lotions are formulated especially for men. Although lotions are lighter than a cream, my selections worked just as well as many pricey body butters. They instantly penetrate the most damaged, calloused skin and get the job done. I based my criteria on absorbency, performance, and packaging. These best hand lotions in 2022 are sure to transform your man's lizard-like scales into soft, supple skin.

Oily skin tends to become shiny, thus requiring a product to provide a matte finish. Mattifying shine control products are available in a variety of forms including serums, gels, and finishing powders. While each type provides different benefits, the overall goal of these products is to combat shine and mattify skin while reducing oiliness. All of the following mattifying shine control products are formulated to provide a lightweight matte effect on the skin while soaking up excess oil. These selections excel at keeping shine at bay throughout your day and they’re also suitable for use on all skin types. Check out our top picks for the best mattifying shine controls of 2022.