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Sacramento closed its sanctioned homeless camp, evicting dozens who were promised housing. What happened?

Two women, in yellow T-shirts, one with her arm around the other, stand near a banner that says Camp Resolution
Camp Resolution leaders Sharon Jones, left, and Joyce Williams after a news conference announcing a formal lease agreement between the city and the encampment on Colfax Street in north Sacramento on April 1, 2023.
(Renée C. Byer / Sacramento Bee )
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Good morning. It’s Tuesday, Sept. 3. Here’s what you need to know to start your day.

Sacramento’s Camp Resolution hoped to be a national model. Why did the city evict its residents?

When Sacramento officials signed a first-of-its-kind lease with a local nonprofit that allowed unhoused residents to live on city-owned land, local leaders and homeless advocates lauded what they hoped would become a national model.

Dubbed Camp Resolution, the self-governing community of about 50 people — mostly women — fought for a safe haven that would not close until every resident had been placed in “individual permanent durable housing,” as stated in the agreement.

The city provided more than a dozen trailers that had been sitting unused. Local nonprofit Safe Ground Sacramento was responsible for operating the camp, which was self-governed by residents. Unlike the millions it has spent on other shelter sites, the agreement cost the city nothing.

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But in August, after roughly 17 months of contention among the city, the nonprofit and a community group that represents the residents, Safe Ground Sacramento moved to terminate the lease. The Sacramento Bee noted that since the camp is on city-owned land and uses city-owned trailers, Sacramento officials could have allowed the residents to stay despite the move by the nonprofit.

Instead, police and other city workers cleared the camp and evicted residents last week, many of whom are older than 55 and living with disabilities. They now face the same conditions they fought for years to avoid.

A group of people in uniform walking past parked trailers
Police enter Camp Resolution to clear out residents and their property on Aug. 26, 2024.
(Andrea Henson / Where Do We Go?)
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What happened? That depends on whom you ask.

Safe Ground signed the lease on behalf of Camp Resolution’s residents, but the community was represented by the Sacramento Homeless Union, a local chapter of the National Union of the Homeless. The organization seeks to empower unhoused people to advocate for themselves, rather than rely on nonprofits and government agencies.

That three-party collaboration quickly fractured, with each casting blame elsewhere for breakdowns in communication and cooperation.

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“Camp Resolution has proven to be a failed experiment,” city officials wrote in a media release, “largely because of the counterproductive interventions from the Sacramento Homeless Union.”

Officials say the Homeless Union violated lease terms and continuously blocked city workers and social service groups from entering the site. They also accuse advocates of rejecting the city’s efforts to help residents “transition to better shelter and housing options.”

Andrea Henson is the executive director and legal counsel for Where Do We Go?, a nonprofit that advocates against encampment sweeps in the Bay Area. She’s been assisting the Sacramento Homeless Union and said the city’s efforts were rebuffed because they weren’t offering long-term solutions to help people out of homelessness. She accused the city of trying to “destabilize the camp” with its shelter offers.

“You’re negotiating with a collective, not individuals — that’s the whole idea behind being a part of the homeless union. It’s to improve conditions,” she said. “That’s why [residents are] devastated. … They were promised permanent housing — not temporary shelter, not to go into a congregate setting, not to be in a nighttime shelter.”

Representatives of the Homeless Union have accused the city of sabotaging the agreement nearly from the get-go. The city secured permanent housing for just two of the camp’s residents during the camp’s 17-month run, based on the latest available information officials provided. Homeless Union reps say 16 residents found permanent housing working directly with providers.

In a letter to city leaders informing them of plans to terminate the lease, Safe Ground Sacramento Chair Mark Merin said the nonprofit “cannot fulfill its obligations under the lease” and listed a few barriers that he said had undermined the group’s efforts. They included a lack of city assistance to get water and electricity flowing at the site and revising a variance from the local water authority that excludes residents from roughly half the property.

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He added that the nonprofit cannot obtain liability insurance and cited concerns that excessive heat and hazardous weather put residents at heightened risk, especially without access to running water and electricity.

In a recent phone interview, Merin also pointed to an “antagonistic approach” by Homeless Union representatives that he said undermined cooperation with the city. He said he floated a plan to relocate the camp to another site and build permanent supportive housing for residents on the leased land, but the union’s representatives wouldn’t go for it.

“We had a good concept going here and unfortunately it’s been ruined,” Merin said. “I feel very bad about that.”

Anthony Prince, lead counsel for the Sacramento Homeless Union, said the group’s resistance came down to the fact that they don’t trust the city and wanted officials to abide by the existing agreement they made to secure permanent housing for residents.

“We’ve learned the hard way that when the city says that they’re going to do something for people and it’s going to be temporary … all that ends up being is a voucher for a few weeks or being shoved into a shelter or maybe a waiting list for Section 8,” Prince previously told me.

Where did camp residents go?

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Although the city offered everyone at Camp Resolution alternative shelter, relatively few accepted. According to city officials, 13 people transitioned to city shelters or motels, and one person returned to living with family.

Homeless Union representatives say some residents require generators due to medical conditions, which they can’t bring to the shelter sites the city has offered. Others would have had to surrender pets to animal shelters to comply with site rules.

About 30 former camp residents are still living in the area surrounding the site, according to Crystal Sanchez, Western regional director for the National Union of the Homeless. Some have been robbed and assaulted, she said, and they now face what they fought so hard to avoid: “being flipped from block to block with no real resources.” Still, the group remains resilient.

“The majority of them are staying together because they do have chronic illness,” Sanchez said. “They’ve become a community. They’re a family. It’s about protecting each other at this point.”

What’s next?

The Homeless Union filed emergency motions for relief, but Superior Court Judge Jill Talley denied those requests and canceled a planned hearing last week. Prince said he was considering holding a public forum to correct what he and other Homeless Union leaders say is a false narrative about Camp Resolution and its residents.

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Sacramento police declared the camp a crime scene ahead of its sweep. Four people were reportedly cited for resisting and obstructing, but no arrests were made. Reporters from the Sacramento Bee and other news outlets were blocked from the camp, sparking questions about the legality of the move.

Prince also pointed to a recent Supreme Court decision and Gov. Gavin Newsom’s executive order that allow for the clearing of homeless encampments without the stipulation that shelter options be provided.

“I think it emboldened the city to do what they did,” he said.

Prince said the union would continue to help the camp’s former residents and challenged the city’s view that it was a “failed experiment.”

“I think we could have housed everyone because we were cutting out the middleman and we were going directly to housing providers and doing all the necessary paperwork and that entire process to get people housed,” Prince said.

“They’ve torn down a success.”

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