Power struggle at Warner Bros.
Two years ago Time Warner Inc. Chief Executive Jeff Bewkes created an Office of the President to inspire three ambitious executives into collegial competition for the top job at Warner Bros., Hollywood’s largest film and television studio.
“These three will work as a unit,” Bewkes declared.
But the effort has inspired distrust and disharmony inside Warner Bros., the studio known for Batman, Bugs Bunny and “The Big Bang Theory” as well as for its decades of management stability.
The three competing candidates — Television Group President Bruce Rosenblum, Motion Pictures Group President Jeff Robinov and Home Entertainment Group President Kevin Tsujihara — do not work as a unit. They rarely meet as a trio or get involved in one another’s businesses, according to several people associated with the studio who were not authorized to speak publicly.
And although Bewkes said anyone jockeying or politicking for the job of Warner Bros.’ chairman would “eliminate themselves” as contenders, the three men have been maneuvering for position while their subordinates quietly advertise their bosses’ qualities and rivals’ shortcomings.
Morale is low and anxiety is high on Warner’s Burbank lot. Some insiders describe an atmosphere in which executives are hesitant to extend contracts, staffers are afraid to cross department lines for fear of “taking sides” and potential partners are wary of signing long-term deals without knowing who will be in charge.
Some have also expressed frustration that the succession process has dragged on so long and that Bewkes has remained publicly silent on the matter.
“People are very preoccupied with the issue of succession, and it creates an undercurrent of tension and awkwardness,” said a Warner Bros. executive, one of more than a dozen interviewed by The Times who requested anonymity because of the sensitivity of the issue. “It’s like being a kid wondering if your parents are about to break up.”
The runoff officially launched in September 2010 when Warner’s professorial chairman, Barry Meyer, agreed to postpone his planned retirement until the end of 2013 — after 42 years at the company and 14 in the top job.
Bewkes, who like the three candidates declined through a spokesperson to be interviewed, envisioned the Office of the President as a way to groom Robinov, Rosenblum and Tsujihara by helping them “see and think beyond their own businesses,” according to a person familiar with his thinking.
Bewkes is expected to announce early next year whether he has selected one of the three men to be the new chairman or if, after the long and public bake-off, he is electing to bring in an outsider.
The historic Burbank entertainment company, founded in 1923 by brothers Jack, Harry, Sam and Albert Warner, has traditionally been Hollywood’s most stable studio. Jack Warner sold it in 1967, and two years later new owner Steve Ross installed talent agent Ted Ashley, who remained in charge until 1980. Former CBS President Bob Daly and film executive Terry
Semel then sat atop Warner Bros. from 1981 to 1999, when Meyer was named chairman.
“This is a company that is 90 years old and basically has had just four management teams,” Daly said. “It’s the culture of the studio — its history and continuity — that makes Warner Bros. so special. There’s such a family feeling there.”
But the family feeling has become strained. Robinov and Rosenblum are said to be the most personally competitive, while turf wars over topics such as whose division controls Web shows have popped up between Rosenblum and Tsujihara. Robinov and Tsujihara have maintained the tightest relationship.
Rosenblum is viewed by many at the studio as the front-runner for the top job. Meyer was a longtime TV business affairs executive before ascending to the corporate suite, and television has become increasingly important to Warner’s bottom line.
The affable and ambitious Rosenblum — who has worked at the studio for nearly 24 years, including seven as the top TV executive — has been accused of promoting his candidacy. Last year he was elected chairman of the Academy of Television Arts and Sciences, which bestows the annual Emmy Awards, a move seen by detractors as a way to boost his leadership credentials.
At a 2011 farewell party for Meyer’s longtime deputy, Alan Horn, a string of speakers shared fond memories of the outgoing executive. Rosenblum’s remarks surprised some attendees, however, when he jokingly reminded them that most Warner leaders had come up from the TV ranks.
The reserved and rough-edged Robinov — who joined the studio 15 years ago and replaced Horn as Warner’s top movie executive last year — has a lower public profile. Perhaps to combat this, he has enlisted an outside publicist to help burnish his and his group’s image.
Tsujihara appears to be the least competitive and the likeliest to partner up should Bewkes solve the leadership issue by appointing two executives to run the studio. However, the buttoned-down Stanford MBA, who is known as a digital guru and acquisitions expert, lacks operational experience in the studio’s marquee film and TV production businesses.
By any financial metric, Warner Bros. has been running smoothly. It is regularly No. 1 or No. 2 in the box-office rankings, has the top market share in home video and sells more shows to TV networks than any other studio. Revenue last year climbed 9% to $12.6 billion, operating income increased 12% to $1.26 billion, and the studio is on track to have another record year.
But management experts say corporate runoffs, while not unusual, can be disruptive.
The process “creates competition and makes it hard for the candidates to cooperate with each other on a daily basis,” said Edward Lawler, director of the Center for Effective Organizations at USC. “They are always trying to look better than the other person. It can put a bit of a strain on the organization.”
Contract renewals, deal making and companywide initiatives at the studio have been complicated by the uncertainty.
During recent contract renewal talks, movie marketing President Sue Kroll is said to have sought additional responsibilities in part because of concern that her boss and longtime ally Robinov might not remain in his post.
Several other key Warner executives have not negotiated new employment contracts — and appear unlikely to do so until the leadership situation is resolved. They include TV studio President Peter Roth, DC Entertainment President Diane Nelson and Toby Emmerich, president of film label New Line Cinema.
The turf skirmishes have slowed development of movies based on Warner-owned DC’s superheroes such as the Flash at a time when rival Marvel Entertainment is cranking out blockbusters like “The Avengers.” Uncertainty about who will run Warner Bros. has stymied the studio from renewing its important deal with finance and producing partner Legendary Pictures. The deal expires at the end of next year.
“There is not paralysis,” said one longtime Warner insider, “but a murkiness and lack of clarity at a place that is not used to having those conditions.”
Warner Bros. is one of only two Hollywood studios that house movie and TV production together. Film is its largest business, producing about two-thirds of revenue. But television is more profitable, generating half of operating income. The TV business has been growing while the movie industry is contracting.
“Time Warner is basically a TV company,” Bewkes told analysts this year. “Between our TV networks [HBO, TNT, TBS, Cartoon Network and CNN] and our Warner TV production business, we derive over 80% of our profits from television.”
Rosenblum, who started his career as a tour guide at Universal Studios, has helped build the division into a juggernaut with more than 50 shows, including “Two and a Half Men,” “Mike and Molly” and “The Ellen DeGeneres Show.” During his tenure, Warner has expanded internationally and outbid rivals to secure deals with top talent such as “Revolution” producer J.J. Abrams and “Two and a Half Men” creator Chuck Lorre.
But some people in the film division fret that Rosenblum has no movie experience. The UCLA law school graduate’s skills are on the business side, they say, adding that TV studio president Roth is the one who develops the shows.
That is in contrast to Robinov, who decides what movies Warner Bros. makes and is deeply involved in their production. A former talent agent, Robinov has built his reputation on an ability to cultivate relationships with successful filmmakers such as Chris Nolan (“The Dark Knight”), Ben Affleck (“Argo”) and Todd Phillips (“The Hangover”). Fiercely loyal, he stuck with “300” director Zack Snyder through three subsequent flops and then handed him the keys to next year’s Superman reboot “Man of Steel.”
Although Robinov oversees more than $2 billion per year of production and marketing spending, he is less schooled in evolving digital business models.
Tsujihara enjoys a more down-to-earth reputation. He is an avid sports fan who last month flew to San Francisco and back in a single night to watch his beloved Giants play in the World Series.
Some of his business moves have been polarizing. Charged with reversing a multiyear decline in DVD revenue, Tsujihara has been Hollywood’s most aggressive proponent of Ultraviolet, a digital movie initiative that Warner launched in late 2011 when some other studios believed that it had too many glitches.
He also successfully pushed Redbox and Netflix in 2010 to wait until four weeks after a DVD goes on sale to offer cheap rentals, although he failed this year to extend that window to eight weeks.
Tsujihara led delicate negotiations over “The Hobbit” with partial rights holder Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer in late 2010, which got production started on the long-delayed movie series.
Bewkes’ first major step in the succession process, pushing out the well-liked Horn, upset many on Warner’s Burbank lot, particularly after Horn landed this year in the top job at Walt Disney Studios.
Many worry that when Bewkes announces his choice for chairman it will create further instability, particularly if one or two of the losing candidates flee after losing the public runoff.
If Bewkes were to choose an outsider, it’s possible all three could leave.
“I would try to keep them all in some form or fashion,” said Daly, the former chairman. “All three guys are very successful executives.”
MORE:
INTERACTIVE: TVs highest paid stars
PHOTOS: Hollywood back lot moments
From the Oscars to the Emmys.
Get the Envelope newsletter for exclusive awards season coverage, behind-the-scenes stories from the Envelope podcast and columnist Glenn Whipp’s must-read analysis.
You may occasionally receive promotional content from the Los Angeles Times.
